12.11 · Système HLA

HLA system

SMB4 Systèmes physiologiques 2 Immunologie, inflammation, transplantation · 29 pages

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1The HLA System 2Discovery and Historical Context 3Nobel Prizes and HLA 4T-Cell Activation Against Infection 5MHC on Chromosome 6: Class I vs Class II 6Co-dominant Expression: 12–14 HLA Proteins 7CD8/Class I vs CD4/Class II Recognition

HLA Polymorphism

8Why Multiple Alleles? Complementary Recognition 9Expanding Universe: >37,000 Alleles 10Polymorphism vs Mutation 11Detecting Polymorphism by Sequence Alignment 12Types of Genetic Polymorphism 13Population Advantage of HLA Diversity 14Polymorphism Concentrated in Peptide-Binding Site

HLA Nomenclature

15Gene Map and Serotypes (~100)16Serotypes (~100) vs DNA Alleles (>28,000)17Serotype-to-Allele Naming (A*01:01 etc.)

HLA Characteristics

18Polymorphism and Polygeny 19Co-dominance and Inheritance

HLA and Transplantation

20Organ Rejection vs Graft-versus-Host Disease 21Direct Alloreactivity (1–10% of T Cells)22Counting HLA Mismatches 23Family HLA Typing and Sibling Compatibility 24WMDA Donor Registries (~40M Donors)

HLA Population Genetics

25Worldwide Allele Frequency (HLA-A*01:01)26Haplotype Definition and Linkage 27Haplotype Combinatorial Complexity (3×3×3=27)28Geographic Frequency of A1-B8-DR3 Haplotype 29All Similar, All Different — Summary

12.11Page 1The HLA System

Système HLA page 1

12.11Page 2The HLA SystemDiscovery and Historical Context

Système HLA page 2

12.11Page 3The HLA SystemNobel Prizes and HLA

Système HLA page 3

12.11Page 4The HLA SystemT-Cell Activation Against Infection

Système HLA page 4

12.11Page 5The HLA SystemMHC on Chromosome 6: Class I vs Class II

Système HLA page 5

12.11Page 6The HLA SystemCo-dominant Expression: 12–14 HLA Proteins

Système HLA page 6

12.11Page 7The HLA SystemCD8/Class I vs CD4/Class II Recognition

Système HLA page 7

12.11Page 8HLA PolymorphismWhy Multiple Alleles? Complementary Recognition

Système HLA page 8

12.11Page 9HLA PolymorphismExpanding Universe: >37,000 Alleles

Système HLA page 9

12.11Page 10HLA PolymorphismPolymorphism vs Mutation

Système HLA page 10

12.11Page 11HLA PolymorphismDetecting Polymorphism by Sequence Alignment

Système HLA page 11

12.11Page 12HLA PolymorphismTypes of Genetic Polymorphism

Système HLA page 12

12.11Page 13HLA PolymorphismPopulation Advantage of HLA Diversity

Système HLA page 13

12.11Page 14HLA PolymorphismPolymorphism Concentrated in Peptide-Binding Site

Système HLA page 14

12.11Page 15HLA NomenclatureGene Map and Serotypes (~100)

Système HLA page 15

12.11Page 16HLA NomenclatureSerotypes (~100) vs DNA Alleles (>28,000)

Système HLA page 16

12.11Page 17HLA NomenclatureSerotype-to-Allele Naming (A*01:01 etc.)

Système HLA page 17

12.11Page 18HLA CharacteristicsPolymorphism and Polygeny

Système HLA page 18

12.11Page 19HLA CharacteristicsCo-dominance and Inheritance

Système HLA page 19

12.11Page 20HLA and TransplantationOrgan Rejection vs Graft-versus-Host Disease

Système HLA page 20

12.11Page 21HLA and TransplantationDirect Alloreactivity (1–10% of T Cells)

Système HLA page 21

12.11Page 22HLA and TransplantationCounting HLA Mismatches

Système HLA page 22

12.11Page 23HLA and TransplantationFamily HLA Typing and Sibling Compatibility

Système HLA page 23

12.11Page 24HLA and TransplantationWMDA Donor Registries (~40M Donors)

Système HLA page 24

12.11Page 25HLA Population GeneticsWorldwide Allele Frequency (HLA-A*01:01)

Système HLA page 25

12.11Page 26HLA Population GeneticsHaplotype Definition and Linkage

Système HLA page 26

12.11Page 27HLA Population GeneticsHaplotype Combinatorial Complexity (3×3×3=27)

Système HLA page 27

12.11Page 28HLA Population GeneticsGeographic Frequency of A1-B8-DR3 Haplotype

Système HLA page 28

12.11Page 29HLA Population GeneticsAll Similar, All Different — Summary

Système HLA page 29