14.08 · Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides

Course 3 — Triglyceride metabolism

Balance énergétique et lipides · 56 pages

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Triglyceride Metabolism

1Title Slide 2Course Outline

3Metabolic Integration Map 4Fatty Acid Regulation in Adipose Tissue 5Fatty Acid Synthesis Regulation 6Malonyl-CoA and Carnitine Shuttle 7Mitochondrial β-Oxidation Regulation 8Fatty Acid Catabolism Overview 9De-energized Mitochondrion & β-Oxidation 10Fatty Acid Anabolism in Adipose Tissue 11Fatty Acid Anabolism (continued)12Energized Mitochondrion & Elongation 13β-Oxidation vs Elongation Summary

14Ester Bonds and Mixed Triacylglycerol 15Synthesis vs Degradation Overview

TG Origins and Transport

16Exogenous TG: Digestion to Chylomicrons 17Endogenous TG: Liver and Albumin Transport 18Storage, Dietary Intake, Lipoproteins 19Main Tissues Metabolizing TG 20Inter-organ TG Traffic Diagram 21Hepatic Lipoproteins: VLDL/LDL vs HDL 22Lipoprotein Pathways Diagram 23Intestine-to-Tissues Flow 24TG Traffic Control Summary 25Mobilization and Redistribution

Hormonal Regulation

26Postprandial vs Fasting vs Exercise 27Pancreatic Hormones and Glycemic Index 28Glycemic Index and Lipid Synthesis 29Insulin vs Glucagon Pathways

30Neutral Fat Storage in Adipocytes 31Activated Substrates: Acyl-CoA and Glycerol-3P 32Glycolysis Provides Glycerol-3P Precursor 33Glycerophosphate Shuttle 34Glycerol-3P from DHAP 35Liver Redistribution and Adipose Mobilization 36Glycerol-3P: Two Sources (DHAP and Glycerol Kinase)37Acyltransferases Assemble TG

38Lipase Hydrolysis of Ester Bonds 39Fate of Glycerol 40Three Classes of Tissue-Specific Lipases 41Cellular Lipase Cascade (ATGL, HSL, MGL)42HSL Enigma (Hors Objectifs)

Tissue-Specific TG Metabolism

43Intestine: Digestion and Chylomicron Export 44Liver: FA Origins and Fates 45Adipocytes: LPL, Lipogenesis, Lipolysis 46Muscle: FA Uptake and Utilization

Integrated Lipid Regulation

47Hepatic Biosynthesis vs Oxidation 48Adipocyte Storage vs Release 49Liver–Adipocyte Axis Summary

Obesity and Energy Balance

50Obesity: Historical Perspective 51Energy Balance: Calories vs Exercise 52Social Contagion of Obesity

Fructose and Hepatic Lipids

53Sugars to Fats: Fructose Introduction 54Fructose Entry into Glycolysis 55Fructose to Fatty Acids Pathway 56Fructose, Steatosis, and Obesity

14.08Page 1Triglyceride MetabolismTitle Slide

Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides page 1

14.08Page 2Triglyceride MetabolismCourse Outline

Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides page 2

14.08Page 3Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionMetabolic Integration Map

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14.08Page 4Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionFatty Acid Regulation in Adipose Tissue

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14.08Page 5Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionFatty Acid Synthesis Regulation

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14.08Page 6Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionMalonyl-CoA and Carnitine Shuttle

Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides page 6

14.08Page 7Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionMitochondrial β-Oxidation Regulation

Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides page 7

14.08Page 8Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionFatty Acid Catabolism Overview

Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides page 8

14.08Page 9Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionDe-energized Mitochondrion & β-Oxidation

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14.08Page 10Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionFatty Acid Anabolism in Adipose Tissue

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14.08Page 11Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionFatty Acid Anabolism (continued)

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14.08Page 12Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionEnergized Mitochondrion & Elongation

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14.08Page 13Triglyceride MetabolismIntroductionβ-Oxidation vs Elongation Summary

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14.08Page 14Triglyceride MetabolismTG StructureEster Bonds and Mixed Triacylglycerol

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14.08Page 15Triglyceride MetabolismTG StructureSynthesis vs Degradation Overview

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14.08Page 16Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportExogenous TG: Digestion to Chylomicrons

Cours 3 — Métabolisme des triglycérides page 16

14.08Page 17Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportEndogenous TG: Liver and Albumin Transport

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14.08Page 18Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportStorage, Dietary Intake, Lipoproteins

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14.08Page 19Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportMain Tissues Metabolizing TG

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14.08Page 20Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportInter-organ TG Traffic Diagram

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14.08Page 21Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportHepatic Lipoproteins: VLDL/LDL vs HDL

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14.08Page 22Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportLipoprotein Pathways Diagram

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14.08Page 23Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportIntestine-to-Tissues Flow

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14.08Page 24Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportTG Traffic Control Summary

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14.08Page 25Triglyceride MetabolismTG Origins and TransportMobilization and Redistribution

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14.08Page 26Triglyceride MetabolismHormonal RegulationPostprandial vs Fasting vs Exercise

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14.08Page 27Triglyceride MetabolismHormonal RegulationPancreatic Hormones and Glycemic Index

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14.08Page 28Triglyceride MetabolismHormonal RegulationGlycemic Index and Lipid Synthesis

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14.08Page 29Triglyceride MetabolismHormonal RegulationInsulin vs Glucagon Pathways

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14.08Page 30Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisNeutral Fat Storage in Adipocytes

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14.08Page 31Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisActivated Substrates: Acyl-CoA and Glycerol-3P

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14.08Page 32Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisGlycolysis Provides Glycerol-3P Precursor

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14.08Page 33Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisGlycerophosphate Shuttle

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14.08Page 34Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisGlycerol-3P from DHAP

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14.08Page 35Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisLiver Redistribution and Adipose Mobilization

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14.08Page 36Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisGlycerol-3P: Two Sources (DHAP and Glycerol Kinase)

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14.08Page 37Triglyceride MetabolismTG SynthesisAcyltransferases Assemble TG

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14.08Page 38Triglyceride MetabolismTG CatabolismLipase Hydrolysis of Ester Bonds

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14.08Page 39Triglyceride MetabolismTG CatabolismFate of Glycerol

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14.08Page 40Triglyceride MetabolismTG CatabolismThree Classes of Tissue-Specific Lipases

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14.08Page 41Triglyceride MetabolismTG CatabolismCellular Lipase Cascade (ATGL, HSL, MGL)

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14.08Page 42Triglyceride MetabolismTG CatabolismHSL Enigma (Hors Objectifs)

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14.08Page 43Triglyceride MetabolismTissue-Specific TG MetabolismIntestine: Digestion and Chylomicron Export

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14.08Page 44Triglyceride MetabolismTissue-Specific TG MetabolismLiver: FA Origins and Fates

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14.08Page 45Triglyceride MetabolismTissue-Specific TG MetabolismAdipocytes: LPL, Lipogenesis, Lipolysis

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14.08Page 46Triglyceride MetabolismTissue-Specific TG MetabolismMuscle: FA Uptake and Utilization

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14.08Page 47Triglyceride MetabolismIntegrated Lipid RegulationHepatic Biosynthesis vs Oxidation

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14.08Page 48Triglyceride MetabolismIntegrated Lipid RegulationAdipocyte Storage vs Release

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14.08Page 49Triglyceride MetabolismIntegrated Lipid RegulationLiver–Adipocyte Axis Summary

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14.08Page 50Triglyceride MetabolismObesity and Energy BalanceObesity: Historical Perspective

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14.08Page 51Triglyceride MetabolismObesity and Energy BalanceEnergy Balance: Calories vs Exercise

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14.08Page 52Triglyceride MetabolismObesity and Energy BalanceSocial Contagion of Obesity

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14.08Page 53Triglyceride MetabolismFructose and Hepatic LipidsSugars to Fats: Fructose Introduction

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14.08Page 54Triglyceride MetabolismFructose and Hepatic LipidsFructose Entry into Glycolysis

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14.08Page 55Triglyceride MetabolismFructose and Hepatic LipidsFructose to Fatty Acids Pathway

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14.08Page 56Triglyceride MetabolismFructose and Hepatic LipidsFructose, Steatosis, and Obesity

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